Media relations is a crucial component of public relations, focusing on building and maintaining relationships with journalists and media outlets. PR professionals work to secure media coverage, pitch stories, and respond to media inquiries to ensure positive representation of the organization in the press.

Crisis communication is a specialized area within PR that deals with protecting an organization's reputation during adverse situations. It involves preparing and executing communication strategies to manage public perception and mitigate damage during crises such as scandals, accidents, or negative publicity.

Reputation management involves monitoring and influencing the public's perception of an organization. PR professionals use various tactics, including media coverage, social media engagement, and community outreach, to build and maintain a positive reputation.

Influencer relations is the practice of collaborating with influential individuals, such as bloggers, social media personalities, and industry experts, to promote an organization's message. This helps in reaching a broader audience and building credibility through trusted voices.

Social media management is an integral part of modern PR, involving the creation and dissemination of content on social platforms to engage with the public, manage the organization's online presence, and foster community engagement. It allows for direct interaction with the audience and real-time feedback.

Community engagement focuses on building strong relationships with the local community through various initiatives and activities. It aims to foster goodwill, encourage public participation, and demonstrate the organization's commitment to social responsibility.

A press release is a formal written statement distributed to the media to announce news, events, or developments within an organization. It is a fundamental tool in PR for generating media coverage and communicating important information to the public.

Internal communication involves managing and facilitating effective communication within an organization. It ensures that employees are informed, engaged, and aligned with the organization's goals and values, contributing to a positive organizational culture.

Brand perception refers to how the public views an organization's brand. PR plays a crucial role in shaping brand perception through consistent messaging, positive media coverage, and strategic communication efforts.

Public affairs is a branch of PR that focuses on influencing public policy and building relationships with government officials and policymakers. It involves advocacy, lobbying, and strategic communication to advance the organization's interests in the public sphere.